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The Appeal of 18 June ((フランス語:L'Appel du 18 juin)) was a famous speech by Charles de Gaulle, the leader of the Free French Forces, in 1940. The appeal is often considered to be the origin of the French Resistance to the German occupation during World War II. De Gaulle spoke to the French people from London after the fall of France. He declared that the war for France was not yet over, and rallied the country in support of the Resistance. It is one of the most important speeches in French history. In spite of its reputation as the beginning of the Resistance and Free French, historians have shown that the appeal was heard only by a minority of French people. De Gaulle's 22 June 1940 speech on the BBC was more widely heard.〔(L'Appel du 18 juin ) 〕 ==Context== General de Gaulle became the ''de facto'' leader of the Free French Forces that had escaped to London in June 1940. Marshal Philippe Pétain, a hero of World War I, had signed an armistice with Nazi Germany, and led the collaborating Vichy government while the Germans occupied the country's northern portion. De Gaulle opposed the armistice and had fled France on 15 June after Pétain made clear that he would seek an accommodation with the Nazis. Three days later, de Gaulle obtained special permission from Winston Churchill to broadcast a speech via BBC Radio from Broadcasting House over France, despite the British Cabinet's objections that such a broadcast could provoke the Pétain government into a closer allegiance with Germany.〔(''The Guardian'', "A Mesmerising Oratory" ), 29 April 2007.〕 In his speech, de Gaulle reminded the French people that the British Empire and the United States of America would support them militarily and economically in an effort to retake France from the Germans. The BBC did not record the speech,〔(L'Appel du 22 juin 1940 ), ''Charles de Gaulle.org'' (website of the Fondation Charles de Gaulle)〕 and few actually heard it. Another speech, which was recorded and heard by more people, was given by de Gaulle four days later.〔( Text of 22 June broadcast )〕 There is a record, however, of the manuscript of the speech of 18 June,〔 which has been found in the archives of the Swiss intelligence agencies who published the text for their own uses on 19 June. The manuscript of the speech, as well as the recording of the 22 June speech, has been classed on 18 June 2005, by the UNESCO's Memory of the World Programme. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Appeal of 18 June」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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